Linux 安装 Nginx 详细教程

1. 在线安装

1.1 环境准备

mkdir -p /usr/local/env/nginx  
cd /usr/local/env/nginx  
yum -y install make zlib-devel gcc-c++ libtool openssl-devel

1.2 安装 PCRE（用于 HTTP 解析和 URL 重写）

wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.35/pcre-8.35.tar.gz
 tar -zxvf pcre-8.35.tar.gz
cd pcre-8.35  
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pcre-8.35  
make && make install
pcre-config --version 

2. 安装 Nginx

2.1 下载并解压

wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.19.1.tar.gz
 tar -zxvf nginx-1.19.1.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.19.1

2.2 编译安装

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
            --with-http_stub_status_module \
            --with-http_ssl_module \
            --with-pcre=/usr/local/env/nginx/pcre-8.35
make && make install

2.3 验证安装

cd /usr/local/nginx
sbin/nginx -v

3. 配置 Nginx

3.1 创建运行用户

groupadd nginx  
useradd -g nginx nginx

3.2 编辑 nginx.conf

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

示例配置：

user nginx;
worker_processes 4;
events {
    use epoll;
    worker_connections 65535;
}
http {
    include mime.types;
    default_type application/octet-stream;
    sendfile on;
    keepalive_timeout 60;
    gzip on;
    server {
        listen 80;
        server_name localhost;
        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }
    }
}

3.3 检查配置并启动

sbin/nginx -t  # 测试配置
sbin/nginx     # 启动 Nginx
sbin/nginx -s reload  # 重新加载配置
sbin/nginx -s stop    # 停止 Nginx